思科设备静态路由配置
来源：网友推荐 更新：2024-05-15
1.静态路由的工作原理及应用场景
2.默认路由的应用场景及配置方法
3.静态浮动路由的应用场景及配置方法
正常情况下c1和c2通过交换机直连就可以通，但是c1和c2和c3都通信不了，因为
它们不在一个网段。需要在R1上面设置两个口f0/0和f0/1 ip ,即c1 c2 和c3的网关，这样c1才能Ping通c3.数据包c1->sw1-》f0/0 查看R1路由表（给R1路由器配置ip地址记得加ip add ,配置完ip 记得no shut启动，路由器互相ping端口的时候记得前面加do ping,R2(config-if)#do ping 192.168.2.1）
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
c1 pingR2f0/0 c1会先到R1，R1会查看路由表，有到192.168.2.2的网段
查看R2是否收到pc1发过来的数据命令
ICMP packet debugging is on
R2#
*Mar 1 00:39:22.971: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 192.168.2.2, dst 192.168.1.20
R2#show ip route发现左侧和右侧f0/0和f0/1怎么走，但是没有到达192.168.1.1段怎么走，它会将c1发过来的数据包丢弃
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
同理，c1 ping 192.168.3.1不通，需要在R1上加入静态路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
R1#show ip route
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
此时c1 ping 192.168.3.0 ping通
R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 （任意网段）0.0.0.0（任意掩码） 192.168.3.1（R3上添加默认路由，不管到达哪个路由，都通过192.168.3.1行走）R1，R3可以用到默认路由，R2多个出口的路由器，不能用到默认路由，只能用到静态路由.
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.3.1 to network 0.0.0.0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#write保存R1配置文件
1.R1->R2 或者2.R1->R3->R2 默认走1，如果R1->R2线路出故障，走2
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2.默认路由的应用场景及配置方法
3.静态浮动路由的应用场景及配置方法
正常情况下c1和c2通过交换机直连就可以通，但是c1和c2和c3都通信不了，因为
它们不在一个网段。需要在R1上面设置两个口f0/0和f0/1 ip ,即c1 c2 和c3的网关，这样c1才能Ping通c3.数据包c1->sw1-》f0/0 查看R1路由表（给R1路由器配置ip地址记得加ip add ,配置完ip 记得no shut启动，路由器互相ping端口的时候记得前面加do ping,R2(config-if)#do ping 192.168.2.1）
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
c1 pingR2f0/0 c1会先到R1，R1会查看路由表，有到192.168.2.2的网段
查看R2是否收到pc1发过来的数据命令
ICMP packet debugging is on
R2#
*Mar 1 00:39:22.971: ICMP: echo reply sent, src 192.168.2.2, dst 192.168.1.20
R2#show ip route发现左侧和右侧f0/0和f0/1怎么走，但是没有到达192.168.1.1段怎么走，它会将c1发过来的数据包丢弃
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
同理，c1 ping 192.168.3.1不通，需要在R1上加入静态路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
R1#show ip route
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
此时c1 ping 192.168.3.0 ping通
R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 （任意网段）0.0.0.0（任意掩码） 192.168.3.1（R3上添加默认路由，不管到达哪个路由，都通过192.168.3.1行走）R1，R3可以用到默认路由，R2多个出口的路由器，不能用到默认路由，只能用到静态路由.
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.3.1 to network 0.0.0.0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#write保存R1配置文件
1.R1->R2 或者2.R1->R3->R2 默认走1，如果R1->R2线路出故障，走2
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右奚19797464862： 绛旓細姝ラ2.鍦ㄨ矾鐢卞櫒Router1涓閰嶇疆闈欐佽矾鐢銆 R1762-1(config)#ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 R1762-1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF exte...
右奚19797464862： 绛旓細闈欐佽矾鐢鍛戒护锛歟n conf t ip route 鐩殑缃戞 瀛愮綉鎺╃爜 涓嬩竴璺/鍑哄彛 姣斿锛岃閫氬線192.168.1.0杩欎釜缃戞,涓嬩竴璺充负192.168.2.1锛屽嚭鍙ｄ负FA0/0 鍛戒护灏辨槸锛歩p route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1 鎴栬 ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 fa0/0 閮藉彲浠 ...
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右奚19797464862： 绛旓細172.16.0.0/16 鍦ㄤ笂闈㈣繖涓嫇鎵戜腑锛屽乏杈箁outer1鐨勫湴鍧涓10.1.1.1/24 router2涓10.1.1.2锛屽鏋滆浣夸袱杈圭殑缃戠粶浜掗氬彲浠ョ敤濡備笅鏂规硶锛1. 閮藉姞榛樿璺敱锛氬湪router1鍜宺outer2涓婇兘娣诲姞: ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 next-hop ( route1涓12.1.1.2,router2涓12.1.1.1锛夈2.娣诲姞闈欐佽矾...
右奚19797464862： 绛旓細192.168.1.0 涓虹洰鐨勭綉娈电殑缃戠粶鍦板潃锛255.255.255.0 涓虹洰鐨勭綉缁滃瓙缃戞帺鐮侊紝 192.168.1.2涓轰笅涓璺崇殑鎺ュ彛IP 2銆佸叏灞妯″紡涓嬩娇鐢ㄥ懡浠 ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Fa0/1 192.168.1.0 涓虹洰鐨勭綉娈电殑缃戠粶鍦板潃锛255.255.255.0 涓虹洰鐨勭綉缁滃瓙缃戞帺鐮侊紝 Fa0/1涓烘湰璺敱鍣鍑哄彛鐨...
右奚19797464862： 绛旓細闈欐佽矾鐢遍厤缃瀹炰緥锛歩p route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.1 甯屾湜鍙互甯埌浣爚
右奚19797464862： 绛旓細1銆佹垜涓嶇煡閬撲綘鍏朵腑鐨勮矾鐢卞櫒鐨勯潤鎬佽矾鐢辨槸鎬庝箞閰嶇疆鐨勶紝2銆佷綘鍦ㄥ叾涓殑璺敱鍣ㄤ綔浠ヤ笅鐨闈欐佽矾鐢遍厤缃锛歊5锛歩p route 192.168.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2 ip route 192.168.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.2 R5鍒颁笌PC鏈虹洿杩烇紝涓嶇敤閰嶇疆闈欐佽矾鐢憋紝浠栫殑鏈缁堟槸瑕佸埌R4锛屾湁涓ゆ潯璺彲璧帮紝鎵浠ヤ笅...
右奚19797464862： 绛旓細cisco鎬濈鍏徃鍒堕犵殑璺敱鍣銆佷氦鎹㈡満鍜屽叾浠栬澶囨壙杞戒簡鍏ㄧ悆80%鐨勪簰鑱旂綉閫氫俊锛屾垚涓轰簡缃戠粶搴旂敤鐨勬垚鍔熷疄璺佃呬箣涓銆俢isco3620閰嶇疆闈欐璺殑鏂规硶濡備笅锛氬湪鏁翠釜缃戠粶涓湁浜屼釜VLAN锛屼负绠鍖栨弿杩帮紝鍋囪姣忎釜VLAN閮介噰鐢24浣嶇綉缁滃湴鍧锛屽叾涓璙LAN1鐨処P鍦板潃涓192.168.1.254锛孷LAN2 鐨処P鍦板潃涓192.168.2.254銆傚湪Cisco璁惧涓...
右奚19797464862： 绛旓細Cisco鎬濈璺敱鍣ㄨ繘鍏ョ壒鏉冨懡浠ょ姸鎬乺outer#鍚,涓嶄絾鍙互鎵ц鎵鏈夌殑鐢ㄦ埛鍛戒护,杩樺彲浠ョ湅鍒板拰鏇存敼Cisco鎬濈璺敱鍣ㄧ殑璁剧疆鍐呭銆傛鏃跺氨鍙互瀵笴isco鎬濈璺敱鍣ㄧ殑鍚嶅瓧銆佸瘑鐮佺瓑杩涜璁剧疆銆 3銆乺outer(config)# 鍦╮outer#鎻愮ず绗︿笅閿叆configure terminal,鍑虹幇鎻愮ず绗outer(config)#,姝ゆ椂Cisco鎬濈璺敱鍣ㄥ浜庡叏灞璁剧疆鐘舵,杩欐椂鍙互璁剧疆Cisco...
